Anver Versi, editor-in-chief of New African, interviews His Highness the Aga Khan – “A man for all seasons”

Introduced by MALIK MERCHANT
(Publisher-Editor, Barakah, Simerg and Simergphotos)

Mr. Anver Versi’s world exclusive interview with His Highness the Aga Khan first appeared in the June 2018 print edition of the best selling pan-African magazine New African, of which he is the Editor-in-chief. With the permission of Mr. Versi and New African we are now delighted to reproduce the complete 12 page piece in Barakah.

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New African editor-in-chief Anver Versi with His Highness the Aga Khan. Photo: © New African / Anver Versi
New African Editor-in-chief Anver Versi greets His Highness the Aga Khan just before his exclusive interview during the 49th Ismaili Imam’s Diamond Jubilee visit to Nairobi, Kenya. Photo: © New African / Anver Versi.

We thank Mr. Versi and New African for their permission. We also thank him for giving us the option of featuring extra photos in this post that were not part of his original piece.

A brief profile of Mr. Versi and another photo with His Highness follows the interview. The magazine’s website is http://www.newafricanmagazine.com.

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His Highness the Aga Khan: A Life Devoted to the Service of Others

His Highness the Aga Khan visits a preschool in Mozambique's Cabo Delgado province' in rremote Natugo village.
His Highness the Aga Khan visits a preschool in the remote village of Natugo located in Mozambique’s Cabo Delgado province. Photo: AKDN / Gary Otte.

By ANVER VERSI

His Highness, the Aga Khan, is one of the most iconic figures in the world. As the Imam of the 15m strong Shia Ismaili Muslim community worldwide, he is more than a leader and a guide.

As a direct descendant of Muhammed, the Holy Prophet of Islam through his daughter Fatima and his cousin and son-in-law, Ali, he is seen by his followers as the unbroken link between today and the very foundation of the global religion. His influence, not only within his own community around the world but also in the societies and countries in which Ismailis reside, is incalculable in terms of social development and spiritual upliftment.

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The four Aga Khans - Direct Descendants of the Prophet Muhamad
The unbroken link of the Ismaili Imamat goes back to the time of the Prophet Muhammad and Hazrat Ali. The collage represents the four most recent Imams who are popularly known by the title Aga Khan, which was first bestowed on the 46th Ismaili Imam Hassanaly Shah, top left, in the 19th century. Photo: © Istockphoto.com. His successors in the collage are (top right) 47th Imam, Shah Aly Shah, Aga Khan II; (bottom left) 48th Imam Sultan Mahomed Shah, His Highness the Aga Khan III, Photo: © National Portrait Gallery, London; and the current 49th Imam, Shah Karim Al Hussaini, His Highness the Aga Khan IV.

The Aga Khan Development Network, which coordinates the activities of over 200 institutions, employing approximately 80,000 paid staff, is dedicated to improving living conditions and opportunities for the poor, without regard to their faith, origin or gender. It operates in more than 30 of the poorest counties in the world. Its annual budget for non-profit development activities is approximately $ 1 billion.

In Africa, particularly in East Africa, the Aga Khan educational and health institutions – accessible to all irrespective of religious or class distinctions – are regarded as the benchmark for excellence.

But the Aga Khan is also a thoroughly modern global citizen, equally at home in the West (the title His Highness was conferred on him, by HRM Queen Elizabeth II of UK in 1957, the year of his accession) as he is in South East and Central Asia and Africa.

His institutional interests through the Aga Khan Fund for Economic Development encompass a wide range of entrepreneurial domains including prestige hotels (for example the Serena Group), tourism and industrial promotion, power generation (e.g. Bujugali hydroelectric power dam in Uganda), agro processing (Frigoken, Kenya), telecommunications, manufacturing, media (Nation Media Group), banking, insurance and property management. All companies have a clear social development mandate; all surpluses generated are reinvested in further development activities.

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Aga Khan Daily Nation Barakah
His Highness the Aga Khan looking at the Daily Nation newspaper during a visit at the Nation Printers & Publishers in 1981. Photo: AKDN.

Cultural initiatives also span a range from urban revitalisation to music. The triennial $1 million Aga Khan Architecture Awards established in 1977, have become the most prestigious prize in this discipline with winners coming from an astonishing range of countries, including Burkina Faso. The Award goes to projects around the world that set benchmarks of excellence in finding solutions to challenges of the built environment.

In March [2018], the Aga Khan announced the Aga Khan Music Awards which comes with $500,000 in prize money. The global awards will recognise exceptional creativity, promise, and enterprise in music performance, creation, education, preservation and revitalisation in societies where Muslims have a significant presence.

He is counted among the 10 wealthiest royals in the world but contrary to Western media speculation, does not live a lavish lifestyle, decrying “affluence for the sake of affluence”.

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The Diamond Jubilee and Meeting His Highness the Aga Khan for the Interview

His Highness the Aga Khan introduces Her Majesty the Queen to members of his family including Prince Rahim, Princess Salwa, Prince Hussain and Prince Aly Muhammad. Barakah
His Highness the Aga Khan introduces Her Majesty the Queen to members of his family during his visit in the Diamond Jubilee Year to Windsor Castle. AKDN / Gary Otte.

Although he is not a monarch or leader of a country, he is often given the red carpet treatment reserved for heads of state on his frequent visits to various countries or institutions. In March [2018] Queen Elizabeth hosted a private dinner for him and his family to celebrate the Diamond Jubilee, 60 years of his Imamat. He shares an abiding passion for thoroughbred race horses with the Queen.

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Aga Khan with world leades, Kennedy, Mandela, Nyerere, Kenyatta, Thatcher, Musevini, Parliament of Canada, Harrper, Trrudeau
His Highnesss the Aga Khan has met hundreds of world leaders, statesman, as well as institutional leaders throughout his Imamat. This collage represents but a very small segment of some of the leaders who have conferred with him.

The Aga Khan has met with and been feted by a veritable who’s who of world leaders, artists, architects and cultural, social and religious icons. He is a much sought-after speaker at international fora. His speech during the Africa 16 Forum in Sharm el Sheikh, Egypt was one of the highlights of the event.

As part of his Diamond Jubilee year [from 11 July 2017 to 11 July 2018], he visited Kenya in April, where he addressed several thousand Ismailis who had gathered in Nairobi for the occasion. He also met with Kenya’s President Uhuru Kenyatta.

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Aga Khan State House visit Kenya, Diamond Jubilee Barakah
First Lady of Kenya Margaret Kenyatta and President Uhuru Kenyatta welcome His Highness the Aga Khan to State House in Nairobi during his Diamond Jubilee visit to Kenya. Photo: The Ismaili / Aziz Islamshah

In a fractious world where an increasing number of global leaders seem to have become unmoored from the traditional values of humanity and where divisiveness, hatred, narrow self-interest, greed and blatant lies appear to be in the ascendency, why does this man inspire such deep respect, and affection not only among his community but all who come into contact with him?

Perhaps David Johnston, Principal and Vice-Chancellor of MaGill University before he was appointed Canada’s Governor-General said it best. Presenting the Aga Khan with an LL.D (honoris causa) in 1983, he said:

“This man is a bridge between North and South, East and West. His leadership is beyond politics, beyond race, beyond religion. In a world torn by division, hostility, war and fear of nuclear holocaust, he is a shining beacon of inspiration and of hard-headed accomplishment in improving the lot of humankind, in elevating the quality of civilized life and in uplifting all peoples of the world to cherish the brotherhood of man.”

While he was in Kenya, although the Aga Khan has rarely given one on one interviews over the past decade or so, he graciously agreed, despite a very tight schedule, to sit with New African editor Anver Versi for the exclusive interview that follows.

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The Interview with His Highness the Aga Khan

A Man for All Seasons

His Highness the Aga Khan collage, young boy in Nairrobi, graduation Dar es Salaam, Great Wall of China, tree planting with Mesevenilage
Left: The Aga Khan as a boy. (Clockwise from top left): Aga Khan Primary School visit, Nairobi, Kenya, 1966; at the Great Wall during a round of the architecture award seminars held in China in 1981; receiving the State Award for Peace and Progress from President Nursultan Nazarbayev of Kazakhstan, December 2002; planting a tree with Uganda’s President Yoweri Museveni at the inauguration of the Bujagali power plant; at Aga Khan University convocation in 2015 in Dar es Salaam.

By ANVER VERSI
(Editor-in-chief, New African)

I felt an unusual nervousness while waiting for my scheduled interview with His Highness the Aga Khan at his home in Nairobi’s Muthaiga area. He, or rather his institutions had been of such profound influence in my life for so long that the thought of finally meeting the man in person after so many decades was unnerving.

I started my primary schooling in Nairobi while Kenya was still a British colony. Government schools were few and far between; instead parents relied on Christian Mission schools, or community schools to educate their children. The Aga Khan schools in Nairobi and Mombasa already enjoyed the reputation of being among the best education establishments in the country but admission, was not easy.

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Aga Khan visiting classroom at Aga Khan Primary School in Nairobi Kenya
His Highness the Aga Khan visiting a classroom at the Aga Khan Primary School in Nairobi. Photo: Late Mrs. Jean Kirk Family Collection / Allison Wallace, Australia.

By great good fortune, I was enrolled at the Aga Khan Primary School in Nairobi. The following year, I moved to Mombasa with my mother as Nairobi was becoming increasingly dangerous. I joined a small number of other non-Ismailis at the Aga Khan Primary School there.

This had a huge impact on my life. I loved the school and never once did I experience any form of discrimination as a non-Ismaili. I did well and was amply rewarded for it. I made friends who remain so to this day.

The second major impact on my life was when I went to work for the Nation newspaper. It had been launched by the Aga Khan in 1960, three years before Kenya’s independence to be a “voice for the voiceless”. Before that, the main English newspaper The East African Standard had been strongly focused on the colonial government and white settler community. The Nation, which was tabloid size, stood everything on its head. Now coverage was through the African perspective. Journalists were no longer required to be white. The paper sold like hotcakes and first instilled in me the desire to take up journalism when I finished my education – and that is exactly what happened.

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A 2-page spread from the June 2018 print edition of New African, part of a 12 page article including an exclusive interview by Anver Versi with His Highness the Aga Khan. Inset - New African cover page. Photo: © New African.
A 2-page spread from the June 2018 print edition of New African, part of a 12 page article that includes an exclusive interview by Anver Versi with His Highness the Aga Khan. Inset – New African cover page. Photo: © New African.

Throughout most of my primary and secondary schooldays, the face of the young Aga Khan, Prince Karim, had beamed out at us from his photograph in the main hallway. I can still recall the surprised buzz, in 1957, that had greeted the information that in his will, Sir Sultan Mahomed Shah, Aga Khan III, had looked beyond the next generation past his two sons, Prince Aly Khan and Prince Sadruddin, and had named as his successor to the Imamat, the athletic 20 year old Karim who was then a student at Harvard University.

The news had been as much of a surprise to him as it had been to us. “Overnight,” Karim was to tell journalist Paul Evan Ress, “my whole life changed completely. I woke up with serious responsibilities toward millions of other human beings.”

After taking a year and a half to visit Muslim communities the world over, he completed his degree. Some years later, he was able to find time to join Iran’s skiing team for the 1964 Winter Olympics in Austria. In another interview with James Reginato, he explains why he returned to Harvard to finish his BA in history. “There was knowledge there that I needed. I was an undergraduate who knew what his work for the rest of his life was going to be.”

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 Prince Karim and Prince Amyn during their childhood in Kenya. Photo: 1982 Africa Ismaili. Barakah
Prince Karim and Prince Amyn during their childhood years in Kenya. Photo: 1982 Africa Ismaili.

But his very early education, interestingly enough, was in Kenya. At the outbreak of the World War II, his grandfather had sent him and his younger brother Amyn to live in a house the family owned in Nairobi. In addition to the usual subjects, they were also tutored in Arabic, Urdu, the Koran and Islamic culture.

Back in Nairobi in April, the call came through that His Highness was ready for the interview. I knew that he had had a hectic couple of days in Nairobi and there was a long list of people wanting to meet him. The interview slot had been unavoidably delayed by a few hours so it was almost 7.00pm when I was shown through to a living room. He is over 80 years old and in his place, I might have felt a bit testy to have to sit through an interview.

He breezed in looking as fresh as if it was the start of the day. He gave me a warm smile, shook me firmly by the hand, ushered me to a sofa and turned his full attention on me.

I started by asking him if he recalled anything of his time when at a tender age he was in Kenya.

It was during the Second World War, he reminded me. “My brother and I were together of course at the time. And, we were very young. So, we were really children with home education. There was a nanny who was also an educator. And, we went back to Europe at the end of the Second World War. So our experience here was when we were very young children.”

Did he have any memories of the time?

“We were in the garden very often. We were interested in the growth of rhubarb. And why does rhubarb grow in grains? All the intelligent questions that young people ask themselves,” he said with a smile and we laughed. I immediately felt quite relaxed.

It was time to get to the nub of the matter. “How would you describe your role as Imam?”

“Oh, that’s another issue,” he said and reflected for a brief moment. “Well I think first of all, obviously, there’s an issue of interpretation and practice of the faith. And that is clear. But, in Islam an Imam is involved with the quality of life of the communities that refer to him. He’s not just a man of faith, he’s also a man of guidance for social relations, economic development, etc.

“My grandfather, as Imam in his time, was particularly concerned with the security of the community during the War. That was six years with the world upside down.

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The New Prince Karim Aga Khan Iv In Switzerland After The Death Of The Aga Khan Iii. Portrait du prince Karim AGA KHAN IV devant une photographie de son grand-père l'AGA KAHN III. (Photo by Philippe Le Tellier/Paris Match via Getty Images)
An early portrait of His Highness Prince Karim Aga Khan, with a framed photo of his grandfather, the 48th Ismaili Imam, Mawlana Sultan Mahomed Shah (1877-1957) in the background. Photo by Philippe Le Tellier/Paris Match via Getty Images. Copyright.

“And, then, the question was always going to be the impact of the War on the countries where the Jamat (community) was living. He followed those issues very carefully, he was engaged in international affairs himself. So he was able to lead the Jamat with good knowledge of international political affairs. Obviously, in times of peace, in times of war, the role of the Imam is somewhat different.

“In his case, for example, communicating with the community was quite complex – from Switzerland, from a neutral country. Today, of course it’s a different situation. What I think is new is the more intimate contact with communities that did not have that contact with the Imam before.

“I am referring particularly to the Soviet Union, to countries behind the Iron Curtain. All that has changed the dynamics of the institution because those countries did not have direct institutional contextualisation with the Imamat at the time. Now they do.”

Ismaili communities occupy a broad swath ranging from central part of Afghanistan (Kabul and Kayan valley of Baghlan province where the Ismailis are of Hazara background); and Badakhshan – the mountainous valleys that stretch between northeast Afghanistan, Northern Areas of Pakistan, Badakhshan province of Tajikistan and Tashkurghan district of Xinjiang province of China as well as in Russia.

The Aga Khan’s memorable visit to Tajikistan, in 1995 established the first direct contact in over a century with these isolated communities. It was the first of many to follow. The Aga Khan Development Network has been working in the region ever since to improve living conditions and to create opportunity for populations across the  the region.

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Aga Khan visit to Badakhshan 1995 and Ismaili girls holding decorated frame. Barakah
Ismaili girls proudly display a decorated frame holding a photo of His Highness the Aga Khan in commemoration of his first visit (right) to Badakhshan in 1995. Photos: (left) © Matthieu Paley; and The Ismaili.

Expanding on the role of the Imam, His Highness continued: “There’s a whole question of how to organize the community, how to build its institutions, how to make sure its institutions serve national interests in those parts of the world because our institutions are not linked just to the Ismaili community, we serve the countries where we are present. So that’s changed the dimension and the international dimension of the work that’s being done.

“We now have to work in seven languages, because there is a major language issue. English is becoming I think the lingua franca of the community as education evolves. The community is bilingual and very often trilingual, so language plays a very important role. Projecting economic and social development, institutional capacity within all of that is absolutely critical.”

He moves on to the focal role of civil society.

“I think one of the key issues we are dealing with now is the strength of civil society. What we’re looking at is how civil society can build capacity to develop itself outside government rather than being constantly driven by government.

“Civil society is looking at building institutions in healthcare, in education, in economic development, etc. Institution building is an important aspect of what we’re trying to achieve – and these are national programmes; they’re not restricted to the members of the community.”

INTERVIEW CONTINUES BELOW

Moving Picture

Aga Khan Collage A Man forr All Seasons Queen, Benjamin, Convocation, Barakah
TOP ROW (l to r): With Her Majesty Queen Elizabeth II at Windsor Castle; with Presidents Compaoré of Burkina Faso and Nguesso of the Republic of the Congo; at 2013 Aga Khan University convocation in Karachi. CENTRE : At the University of Toronto’s 2004 convocation ceremony; with Tanzanian President Mkapa after signing an Agreement of Co-operation for Development; touring University of Central Asia Naryn Campus. BOTTOM: With world leaders at the London Conference on Afghanistan; in Lisbon for Award; greeting students at Mombasa’s Aga Khan Academy. Photos: AKDN.

The Aga Khan organisations have excellent credentials in development around the world but how much of this is influenced by spiritual considerations? The Aga Khan explains that the concepts of din (faith) and duniya (world) are inextricably linked.

“We’re both din and duniya . They live together in the ethics of what we do, and in the ethics of our faith. We function within the ethics of our faith.”

I point out that he is the direct descendant from Prophet Mohamed and Hazrat Ali. How have his ancestors and himself managed to bridge this vast span of time?

“One of the fundamental questions is the ethics of the faith. The ethics of the faith were very, very clearly established at the time of the Prophet and Hazrat Ali. So we have certainty in that domain.

“It doesn’t cover all subjects because the modern world is different from what it was at that time. But we have ethical principles, which are strong, well understood. We’re able to work with those as a starting point. 

“What we have to do is introduce, or rather apply, the ethics to a pluralism of societies, which we didn’t have before. The pluralism of these societies today is massive – in terms of the languages, geography, economics, political systems.

“So we have to adjust, country by country, as to what we can do, what we want to do and that’s working within the government context, (because in most countries, government is expected to lead on development), so we look at what governments intend to do on leading development. 

“Then we try to work within that context. A typical case is countries where development has been uneven – and I’m not criticising, because very often there are historical reasons, but there are countries where some provinces are so isolated they never come in contact with government at the centre.

“If we happen to be in that context, we have to address that issue of isolation and try and compensate where, for one reason or another, social institutions, economic institutions are not present.

“Fairly often we’ve been going into environments which are isolated, underdeveloped. And we’re trying to bring in capacity for society to improve itself. It takes time. You need consensus around common goals. You need to be fairly rigorous in terms of evaluating the outcomes. Are you achieving the goals that you want to achieve and, if not, how do you improve programmatic or institutional capacity to meet the needs?

“You don’t always achieve the goals you want,” he concedes, “for reasons which, very often you can’t predict, or which occur as time evolves. So it’s a moving picture, if you want. One of the important things is to monitor that picture so that you have a solid understanding of the changing processes. And a lot of things come into play – economics come into play, language comes into play, faith comes into play.” 

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Aga Khan welcomed in Abidjan, Ivory Coast. Barakah
Crowds welcome His Highness the Aga Khan upon his arrival at Abidjan airport. Photo: AKDN.

Although the Aga Khan’s institutional activities span several regions, a good deal of the investment, both in development terms as well as in for-profit enterprises is in Africa. Does the Continent have a special place in his heart?

“Let me put it this way, in various regions where we are working, there are different challenges. And the Imamat, as an institution, has to be equitable in the way it responds to those challenges.

“However, those responses are not uniquely dependent on what the Imamat wants. Local circumstances, international situations have a massive impact on what can be achieved or not be achieved. 

“A lot of the work that the leaders of the community and myself are doing is trying to adjust to changing situations to try and make sure that the changes do not damage the community and people amongst whom they live, but that we can actually use change to build capacity. That’s a tough call. That’s a tough call.”

One of the unique aspects about your model, I say, is that you want to uplift the standards of living of your followers but also all the communities around them. Are you satisfied that that is also happening?

“I think our institutions, generally speaking, are achieving that goal. Many of them have higher usage by non-Ismailis than Ismailis. So, in many countries, our institutions  have moved out of the community context into the national context, so they are serving the country rather than just the community. That progress has moved ahead.

“It’s also changed the nature of the institutions. In some countries, we can deal with the whole country. On the other hand, if you take a country as large as India, we can’t deal with the whole of India, so we would work with the key states of importance to us. It’s a case by case situation.”

Most of the projects his organisations are involved in take a holistic approach. He has said “We try to avoid the single-building syndrome. You have to look at the big picture. If you try to put social and cultural development ahead of economic development, it doesn’t work. You have to do it all together.”

For example, while restoring the walls of the 14th century Djingereyber Mosque in Mali, the oldest earthen building in sub-Saharan Africa, the Aga Khan Development Network also made improvements in Mali’s educational system and in nearly every sector of its infrastructure, including water, electricity, aviation, agriculture, health, and education.

~~~INTERVIEW CONTINUES BELOW~~~

Media and Society

Aga Khan admiring Daily Nation at launching of new printing press in 2016 Barakah
His Highness the Aga Khan admires the first print copy of the Daily Nation at the launching in 2016 of the new printing press Photo: AKDN/Aly Ramji.

My next question to him was about his ownership of the media in Kenya. When he started the Nation Group, he said he wanted to give “voice to the voiceless”. Is he satisfied with how the group has performed?

“Yes, I am,” he says. “If you look at it historically, it has done what it should have done, which was to illustrate to the public the key issues in national life.  And, that has been a good thing.

“Keep in mind that the history of decolonization in Eastern Africa was a racial process. There’s a tendency to forget that. In pre-independence Kenya, you had a European educational authority, you had an Asian educational authority, and you had an African educational authority. 

“Therefore building nationhood and building common premises towards the country are key issues that take time. They need to be omnipresent in civil society, because if they’re not omnipresent, you will end up in a mess at some stage or the other. So, my sense is yes, I think we’ve made good progress, and I hope history will demonstrate that.”

I raise the question of the freedom of the press which seems to have come under attack by authorities not only in Kenya but also in the US. Does this worry him as a media owner?

“I think all professions have to have their own ethical principles to function so that they sustain society rather than damage society. That’s true for the media and the communications industry. 

“There are two ways to go,” he carries on. “Either the State imposes minimum regulation because it’s in the interest of society or the industry does it itself. 

“When I started the Nation Group we set up a number of nation-building principles, which the management and the journalists had to abide by. The goal was that the media was going to contribute, for example, to a pluralist civil society. There was a goal to strengthen and add value to the notion of pluralism. It went through the whole organisation from management to the journalists to everybody else and it’s been a very strong principle.”

In 2015, the Aga Khan University set up the Graduate School of Media and Communications in Nairobi which today offers working journalists and communications professionals the chance to learn from practitioners from some of the world’s leading media and communications organisations. Today it partners with Harvard University and also has an unusual course for media owners. Why the focus on media owners,  I wanted to know.

“If you observe the industry globally, you would tend to see the role of owners as being fairly significant. There’s no history of media ownership in Africa and very little even in Asia and insofar as these media groups reflect the ethics, the policies of the owners, I thought it was very important that the owners should be educated in terms of what their products can do to sustain peaceful and developing societies rather than adding conflict. 

“You know as well as I do, that there are media that are aimed at creating conflict amongst communities. So, just the very perception that there is risk there seemed to me to be something that we should talk about openly, not hide it, and say to people, you are living in a pluralist society and you have to function within the ethics of a pluralist society.

“I think that’s now accepted.”

~~~INTERVIEW CONTINUES BELOW~~~

Support of Pluralism

His Highness the Aga Khan giving the key note speech at the Africa Forum held in 2016 in Egypt; and the Global Centre for Pluralism Headquarters in Ottawa, Canada; Barakah
His Highness the Aga Khan giving the key note speech at the Africa Forum held in 2016 in Egypt; and the Global Centre for Pluralism Headquarters in Ottawa, Canada. Photo: AKDN

One of the Aga Khan’s strongest positions is his support for pluralism, that is the acceptance of diversity in a society. Again, this is a principle that has come under sustained attack both in Africa and increasingly in the West, especially the US.

In his speech in Sharm el Sheikh at the Africa 2016 Forum, the Aga Khan made a profound statement on this issue. He said that a good deal of the conflicts were caused by “the fear we so often have that our environment will be controlled by others, which leads to suspicion of the other and hardening of attitudes.” I asked him if establishment of the Global Centre for Pluralism in Canada in partnership with the Government of Canada was his response to this threat.

“Canada is a pluralist society,” he explained. “And they value their pluralism, they invest in it; they protect it; and very often in law.

“So, I felt that Canada was an appropriate place to develop an institution that would seek to develop and sustain pluralist initiatives around the world using Canadian precedence, but at the same time working in Africa, working in Asia. 

“We are both committed to sustaining pluralism around the world everywhere we can.”

“I think we are agreed on one basic premise, which is that society is not born with the notion of legitimising pluralism. It’s something people have to learn. They’re not born with the understanding or the willingness to enter into pluralist society.”

So there’s always an inbuilt fear? I ask

“There’s a fear or there’s apprehension or there’s misunderstanding and very often communities don’t communicate amongst themselves as much as they might.”

And are you confident, I ask him, that if this is pushed strongly enough, that society might become more pluralistic?

I think over time we’ll educate enough people so that they’ll have a certain amount of influence in the Western world and elsewhere,” he replied. “But, it’s a long-term process and there’s no measureable outcome, I don’t think.  We’ve been looking at that.”  

One of the most significant aspects of his organisation’s approach, be it social or economic development, cultural restoration or tourism promotion, is the improvement of quality of life of people and the focus on minimum impact on the environment. How much was this a conscious, ethical decision?

“Pretty significantly,” he said. “This is an established premise that goes way back.

“Why is it there? It’s there to try to add value to local culture. If you bring modern industry, tourism, anything else, it will tend to “de-nature” the culture of the place where you are going.

“We thought that it was very important not to de-culture those communities through changing what’s there but adding value to those cultures so that there is an increased comfort level, respect and investment in enhancing those cultures.

“Our experience has been that these communities have value and they can be enhanced.

“It’s also socially essential, because if you build institutions in society and suddenly there’s a major divorce between society and your institutions, you’re in deep trouble – and the history of colonisation illustrates this.”

While the Aga Khan Development Network social development agencies, with a budget of roughly $1bn a year, are not-for-profit, the Aga Khan Fund for Economic Development (AKFED) invests in for-profit enterprises. Companies generate revenues of over $ 4 billion and all surpluses are reinvested in further development activities.

In another interview, the Aga Khan noted that he did not see this as a conflict between his role as a spiritual leader as well as a business leader. “We have no notion of the accumulation of wealth being evil. It’s how you use it. The Islamic ethic is that if God has given you the capacity or good fortune to be a privileged individual in society, you have a moral responsibility to society.”

~~~INTERVIEW CONTINUES BELOW~~~

The Special Role of Architecture

Aga Khan A man for all seasons Barakah
TOP ROW: Cairo’s Al Azhar Park built by His Highness the Aga Khan; with inhabitants of Northern Pakistan discussing the Aga Khan Rural Support Program; with winners of the inaugural 2017 Global Pluralism Awards. CENTRE: Visiting the Nizamuddin Renewal Initiative in New Delhi; meeting the midwifery students at the Bamyan Hospital, Afghanistan; with winners of the inaugural 2019 Aga Khan Music Awards. BOTTOM: Restoration work at crown of Humayun tomb; with rice farmers in Madagascar; with winners of 2016 Aga Khan Award for Architecture. Photo: AKDN.

Referring to the much sought after Aga Khan Award for Architecture, I asked him why his focus on architecture? What is the link, if there is one, between Islam and architecture?

“Architecture is the only art form which has a direct impact on the quality of life. There is no other art form that impacts human quality of life.

“So, architecture seemed to me, first of all, basic to the quality of human life. Secondly, it is critical to cultural continuity because symbolism in architecture, symbolism in building is a very strong part of society. So, making sure that is maintained is, to me, very important.

“The basic issue is economics. The industrialised world is a world which every 20 years, 30 years, pulls down buildings, replaces them, etc. In the developing world we can’t do that. We do not have the economics to do that.

“So we have to build for a much longer time frame than the industrialised world, which means building in flexibility, building in additional land where you need land to change the product. If you look at medicine and the way medicine has changed in the last 50 years, hospitals today are nowhere near what they used to be 50 years ago. So, architecture has to adjust to change in the building environment. It has to do that. It also has to take into account materials, costs, longevity.”

And what about classical Islamic architecture?

Then we are moving into what I would call the domain of spirituality. I think that insofar as all major faiths have their own illustrations of spirituality, it is essential that we maintain the symbols of spirituality and we can bring them up to modern architecture levels and modern materials, but the premise remains the same.

“I’m very sensitive when a person says ‘I’ve entered this space and I have had a sense of spirituality’. I am enormously pleased when that happens. And architects can be extremely talented in creating that mood.”

While I knew this was a sensitive topic, I had to raise the issue of how terror organisations such as Boko Haram and ISIL have corrupted the message of Islam and asked what was the way out?

“The way out. This is a big question,” he pondered. “My sense is that human history shows, very often, that when there has been an excess in one direction, there’s a corrective process that comes in. It doesn’t stay in the domain of excess.

“And I think that History is likely to show that human life without attention to the soul is not something that people will be happy with. They will need to have that access to spirituality. Now, I don’t think that’s permanent in the individual, I think it fluctuates in time, age, social context, etc., but I’m pretty sure that at some time in life most humans look for comfort.

“Well, in my mind, I believe very strongly in the message of Islam. And one of the messages of Islam is gain knowledge to understand the creation of Allah. That’s the purpose.  And I believe in that very strongly.”

Did he see a conflict between science and religion? No, he said, there was no conflict. The purpose of Islam was to gather knowledge to better understand the creation of Allah. One would assume from this that since the creation of Allah is all encompassing, all knowledge gained is serving the purpose of Islam.

My final question to him was that looking back on 60 years of his Imamat, what would he consider his greatest achievement?

“I have to be very honest and say I have never asked myself those questions,” he replied with a twinkle. “And if I did, I probably wouldn’t want to listen to the answers. 

“In my life, first of all, there is happiness for working with a wonderful community. There are challenges every day, but you know, we are looking at the ethics of human life. In that sense, in trying to make sure that the ethics of human life are well respected within the context of Islam is a major every day, every minute issue. It never leaves you.”

Date posted: September 23, 2019.

© COPYRIGHT NOTICE: This article may not be reproduced in part or full unless written permission has been obtained from New African magazine.

Before departing this page please take a moment to visit Barakah’s Table of Contents for links to more than 170 pieces dedicated to Mawlana Hazar Imam and his family. Note: For search, subscription, share and language translation options, please scroll down to bottom of this post or page.

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His Highnesss the Aga Khan pictured in Nairobi with New African Editor-in-chief, Anver Versi.
His Highnesss the Aga Khan pictured in Nairobi with New African Editor-in-chief, Anver Versi. Photo: © New African / Anver Versi.

About the writer: Kenya-born Anver Versi (Anwarali Versi), is the Editor-in-chief of Africa’s longest established and most read pan-African current affairs publication, the London-based New African magazine.

He is also the editor of the quarterly African Banker magazine, the only pan-African publication dedicated entirely to the continent’s financial sector.

Before that, for almost three decades, he was Editor-in-chief of the London-based pan-African, African Business magazine. He won several international awards both in his personal capacity as well as for editorial excellence for African Business and African Banker.

New African, established about 50 years ago, is the world’s widest circulating and most influential political, economic and cultural publication specialising on Africa with a total readership of well over 750,000 a month.

Versi has written over a thousand articles for a variety of publications including The Times, The Independent, The Wall Street Journal, The Economist etc. He also regularly appears on BBC TV and Radio, CNN, SABC and various other broadcasters. Versi specialises in politico-economic analysis.

He has also organised and participated in a very large number of international conferences and seminars and chaired meetings for UNEP, COMESA, UNECA, AFDB, World Economic Forum, the World Bank, and the African Eminent Persons Group etc. In 2012, he anchored the annual WISE conferences in Doha, Qatar, alongside John Snow, the chief news anchor for the UK’s Channel 4.

In 2015, he returned to Africa as Director of Communications and External Affairs for the think-tank, African Centre for Economic Transformation (ACET) based in Accra, Ghana, to get a better feel of the pulse of modern Africa. He returned to the UK after two years to take up the editorship of the legendary New African magazine as well as African Banker magazine of which he was the founder-editor.

He has interviewed and written profiles on almost all of Africa’s movers and shakers – ranging from Heads of State and ministers to the continent’s major entrepreneurs, investors and bankers.

Awards include the 2005 Diageo African Business Reporting Award as Best Journalist as well as winning the editing award for Best Publication. African Business won the Diageo Best Media award for a second time in July 2013.

African Business and African Banker magazines made the final nominations for every year, bar one, in the best publication categories. He was also given an award for Outstanding Services to Journalism by the Boston University based APARC organisation.

Versi’s publications include Search for Africa’s political identity published by Macmillan and the best-selling Football in Africa (1986) published by Collins.

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This website, Barakah, is a special project by http://www.Simerg.com and is dedicated to the textual and visual celebration of His Highness the Aga Khan and members of his family, as well as the Ismaili Imamat.

15 comments

  1. Am reading this interview again, in March 2020… once again the depth, knowledge, and humbleness of this great man Prince Karim Aga khan, has been brought out with skill by Anver Versi. We live in a complex pluaristic world where good leadership is important and much sought after.

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  2. Well done Anver Versi. Your time at HH Agakhan High School, Mombasa primed you well for all the success in your literary career. Great interview with an exemplary and empathetic leader.

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  3. The editors’ preamble to the piece titled ‘A Man for All Seasons’, the extensive images and subsequent concluding remarks complimented Mr Versi’s article.

    In reviewing the content of the interview it is my humble opinion that Mr Versi’s line of inquiry was well thought out. The range of topics discussed enabled open ended responses covering the progress of humanity across multiple disciplines.

    This thought provoking piece deserves much praise.

    It is gratifying to have persons such as yourselves devoted in the pursuit of sharing knowledge.

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  4. Bravo Malik for another excellent initiative. The background material and photos arrangements are very well done and enhance the reading experience.

    Anver Versi’s interview of Hazar Imam is absolutely brilliant and reflects his solid knowledge of the subject.

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  5. Thank you Anver Versi, editor- in-chief of New African Megazine, and Mr. Malik Merchant publisher-editor of Barakah , Simerg, and Simergphotos for sharing this exclusive interview of Prince Karim Aga Khan in http://www.Barakah.com.

    Versi’s title ”A Man For all Seasons” is a very fitting title and entices the reader to go over it again and again as there is so much to absorb and reflect! It encompasses so many attributes of Mawlana Hazar Imam.

    As an Ismaili, one would understand that he is a leader guiding communities in din and duniavi aspects according to the changing times just like the changes in four seasons, but the fundamental Ethics of Islam remains same as it has been since the time of Prophet Muhammad (S.A.S.) and Hazrat Ali (A.S.).

    One would generally interpret his entire life’s work through his various Institutions of AKDN having reached people globally – East, West North And South – with different geographical and climatic seasons ,different ethnicity and religions . Here again the fundamental of humanity is a constant factor- to alleviate poverty through education and enterprises and eventually make them self reliant and uphold self dignity.

    As Versi has already mentioned. David Johnston former Principal and Vice Chancellor of MaGill University, had beautifully summed up: “His leadership is beyond politics beyond race and beyond religion” Truly the Imam is a bridge builder through his pluralistic approach in all aspects of life. Proud to be his follower.

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  6. Excellent interview. Anver Versi has a unique way of reaching out to the public through the pen.
    Thanks and well done to the publisher editor of Barakah, Mr. Malik Merchant, for the initiative taken in reproducing Versi’s interview in the publication.

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  7. Mashallah!!!.. Anver Versi’s interview with Mawlana Hazar Imam is a master piece. Our Beloved Hazar Imam is our spiritual father but his help extends to everyone and he takes care of all human beings, because everyone is created from One Soul. For many Ismailis, like me, he is Aql Kul and we are fotunate to have the direct descendant of the Holy Propet Muhammad (S.A.S.) guide us in our daily lives on the Straight Path. I wish all Ismailis Ya Aly Madad.
    Thank you
    Zulekha Nasser (Zully)

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  8. A very nice interview. The way Mowlana Hazar Imam explains applying ethics in his network’s developmental programs and life in general – that there is both din and dunya – is very inspiring. Thank you Barakah for bringing Anver Versi’s interview from the New African to us. All the best for future editions

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  9. The New African introduction preceding the interview is short, precise and informative. I was even more fascinated about the manner in which Versi has presented the interview where you want to complete it because it is so engaging. The Aga Khan’s thoughts are insightful and his work and aspirations are that of a brilliant, yet humble mind. Wishing Versi well in his editorial work for a number of publications, and I hope he returns to the Aga Khan in a few years time!

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  10. A truly fine interview by Anver Versi where he managed to bring out the vision of a humanitarian and leader of faith. It shows the brilliance and skill of His Highness in dealing with the complex work of development in a changing and expanding world.

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  11. A great interview about Mawlana Hazar Imam’s services. I am very happy to read this because I am an Ismaili and it makes me feel really proud that I have such a lovely Imam to guide us in our lives.

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